All Frameworks

Dependency Counts

Framework	Deps Dev / Prod	All Deps	Dup. Deps	node_modules	node_modules (prod)	Dep Install Size	Graph
Astro	2 / 1	390	11	207.85MB	144.68MB	186.51MB	View
Mastro	2 / 2	6	0	29.16MB	3.36MB	27.39MB	View
Next.js	6 / 3	421	12	560.04MB	436.00MB	506.22MB	View
Nuxt	2 / 3	694	63	208.81MB	208.79MB	172.24MB	View
React Router	8 / 6	268	9	106.86MB	17.27MB	102.22MB	View
SolidStart	0 / 5	582	77	156.30MB	156.23MB	133.30MB	View
SvelteKit	7 / 0	119	1	60.05MB	0.02MB	63.60MB	View
TanStack Start	11 / 13	424	14	234.77MB	201.87MB	198.52MB	View

Deps

Deps data
Framework	Dependency count
SolidStart	0
Astro	2
Mastro	2
Nuxt	2
Next.js	6
SvelteKit	7
React Router	8
TanStack Start	11

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Prod Deps

Prod Deps data
Framework	Dependency count
SvelteKit	0
Astro	1
Mastro	2
Next.js	3
Nuxt	3
SolidStart	5
React Router	6
TanStack Start	13

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Duplicate Dependencies

Duplicate Dependencies data
Framework	Dependency count
Mastro	0
SvelteKit	1
React Router	9
Astro	11
Next.js	12
TanStack Start	14
Nuxt	63
SolidStart	77

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Node Modules Size

Methodology: Node Modules Size.

Node modules size

Node modules size data
Framework	Megabytes
Mastro	29.16 MB
SvelteKit	60.05 MB
React Router	106.86 MB
SolidStart	156.30 MB
Astro	207.85 MB
Nuxt	208.81 MB
TanStack Start	234.77 MB
Next.js	560.04 MB

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Node modules size (prod only)

Node modules size (prod only) data
Framework	Megabytes
SvelteKit	0.02 MB
Mastro	3.36 MB
React Router	17.27 MB
Astro	144.68 MB
SolidStart	156.23 MB
TanStack Start	201.87 MB
Nuxt	208.79 MB
Next.js	436.00 MB

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Build and Install Times

Methodology: Build and Install Times.

Framework	Avg Install	Min Install	Max Install	Avg Cold Build	Avg Warm Build	Build Output
Astro	1.46s	1.39s	1.52s	0.97s	0.88s	0.03MB
Mastro	0.52s	0.52s	0.53s	0.37s	0.37s	0.01MB
Next.js	2.85s	2.76s	2.92s	4.73s	4.77s	6.05MB
Nuxt	2.96s	2.78s	3.21s	3.85s	3.79s	2.46MB
React Router	1.17s	1.14s	1.21s	1.78s	1.74s	0.38MB
SolidStart	1.74s	1.70s	1.79s	5.40s	5.30s	0.84MB
SvelteKit	1.24s	1.21s	1.29s	2.53s	2.43s	1.36MB
TanStack Start	1.78s	1.74s	1.83s	5.30s	5.19s	2.05MB

Avg install time

Avg install time data
Framework	Seconds
Mastro	0.52s
React Router	1.17s
SvelteKit	1.24s
Astro	1.46s
SolidStart	1.74s
TanStack Start	1.78s
Next.js	2.85s
Nuxt	2.96s

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Cold build time

Cold build time data
Framework	Seconds
Mastro	0.37s
Astro	0.97s
React Router	1.78s
SvelteKit	2.53s
Nuxt	3.85s
Next.js	4.73s
TanStack Start	5.30s
SolidStart	5.40s

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Warm build time

Warm build time data
Framework	Seconds
Mastro	0.37s
Astro	0.88s
React Router	1.74s
SvelteKit	2.43s
Nuxt	3.79s
Next.js	4.77s
TanStack Start	5.19s
SolidStart	5.30s

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Build output size

Build output size data
Framework	Megabytes
Mastro	0.01 MB
Astro	0.03 MB
React Router	0.38 MB
SolidStart	0.84 MB
SvelteKit	1.36 MB
TanStack Start	2.05 MB
Nuxt	2.46 MB
Next.js	6.05 MB

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Core-JS Polyfills

Methodology: Core-JS Polyfills.

Framework	~Size	Unnecessary Modules
Astro	—	—
Mastro	—	—
Next.js	110.0 KB	302
Nuxt	—	—
React Router	—	—
SolidStart	—	—
SvelteKit	—	—
TanStack Start	—	—

Browser Baseline

Methodology: Browser Baseline.

Framework	Baseline	Feature	Year	Features
Astro	—	—	—	0
Mastro	—	—	—	0
Next.js	High	—	2022	46
Nuxt	Limited	temporal	—	40
React Router	High	—	2022	40
SolidStart	High	—	2020	29
SvelteKit	High	—	2020	40
TanStack Start	High	—	2022	45

Client Side Rendered Tests

Methodology: Client Side Rendered Tests.

Framework	First Paint	FCP	INP
Astro	171.8ms	172ms	4.92ms
Next.js	341.2ms	341.11ms	16.22ms
Nuxt	149.6ms	149.47ms	12.58ms
React Router	185.6ms	185.43ms	21.23ms
SolidStart	156.4ms	156.3ms	16.61ms
SvelteKit	123.4ms	123.39ms	19.13ms
TanStack Start	236ms	236.05ms	28.28ms

First Paint (ms)

First Paint (ms) data
Framework	Milliseconds
SvelteKit	123.40 ms
Nuxt	149.60 ms
SolidStart	156.40 ms
Astro	171.80 ms
React Router	185.60 ms
TanStack Start	236.00 ms
Next.js	341.20 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

First Contentful Paint (ms)

First Contentful Paint (ms) data
Framework	Milliseconds
SvelteKit	123.39 ms
Nuxt	149.47 ms
SolidStart	156.30 ms
Astro	172.00 ms
React Router	185.43 ms
TanStack Start	236.05 ms
Next.js	341.11 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Interaction to Next Paint (ms)

Interaction to Next Paint (ms) data
Framework	Milliseconds
Astro	4.92 ms
Nuxt	12.58 ms
Next.js	16.22 ms
SolidStart	16.61 ms
SvelteKit	19.13 ms
React Router	21.23 ms
TanStack Start	28.28 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Server Side Rendered Tests

Methodology: Server Side Rendered Tests.

Framework	First Paint	FCP	INP
Astro	96.2ms	96.29ms	1.75ms
Next.js	155.4ms	155.24ms	16.45ms
Nuxt	114.2ms	114.05ms	7.58ms
React Router	129.2ms	128.96ms	12.56ms
SolidStart	151.2ms	150.89ms	18.81ms
SvelteKit	139.6ms	139.87ms	15.76ms
TanStack Start	138.4ms	138.44ms	35.62ms

First Paint (ms)

First Paint (ms) data
Framework	Milliseconds
Astro	96.20 ms
Nuxt	114.20 ms
React Router	129.20 ms
TanStack Start	138.40 ms
SvelteKit	139.60 ms
SolidStart	151.20 ms
Next.js	155.40 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

First Contentful Paint (ms)

First Contentful Paint (ms) data
Framework	Milliseconds
Astro	96.29 ms
Nuxt	114.05 ms
React Router	128.96 ms
TanStack Start	138.44 ms
SvelteKit	139.87 ms
SolidStart	150.89 ms
Next.js	155.24 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Interaction to Next Paint (ms)

Interaction to Next Paint (ms) data
Framework	Milliseconds
Astro	1.75 ms
Nuxt	7.58 ms
React Router	12.56 ms
SvelteKit	15.76 ms
Next.js	16.45 ms
SolidStart	18.81 ms
TanStack Start	35.62 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Server Side Throughput Tests

Methodology: Server Side Throughput Tests.

Framework	Ops/sec	Median Latency	Body Size	Duplication
Baseline HTML	853	1.198ms	96.83kb	1x
Astro	654	1.475ms	96.89kb	1x
Mastro	515	1.912ms	181.95kb	1x
Next.js	219	4.7ms	199.57kb	2x
Nuxt	354	2.747ms	201.27kb	2x
React Router	345	2.865ms	211.63kb	2x
SolidStart	395	2.533ms	230.24kb	2x
SvelteKit	416	2.329ms	183.53kb	2x
TanStack Start	310	3.191ms	193.62kb	2x

Ops/sec

Ops/sec data
Framework	Operations per second
Baseline HTML	853
Astro	654
Mastro	515
SvelteKit	416
SolidStart	395
Nuxt	354
React Router	345
TanStack Start	310
Next.js	219

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Body Size

Body Size data
Framework	Kilobytes
Baseline HTML	96.83 KB
Astro	96.89 KB
Mastro	181.95 KB
SvelteKit	183.53 KB
TanStack Start	193.62 KB
Next.js	199.57 KB
Nuxt	201.27 KB
React Router	211.63 KB
SolidStart	230.24 KB

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Median Latency

Median Latency data
Framework	Milliseconds
Baseline HTML	1.20 ms
Astro	1.48 ms
Mastro	1.91 ms
SvelteKit	2.33 ms
SolidStart	2.53 ms
Nuxt	2.75 ms
React Router	2.87 ms
TanStack Start	3.19 ms
Next.js	4.70 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Server Side Load Test

Methodology: Server Side Load Test.

Framework	Peak req/s	Peak Connections	P99 @ 25	P99 @ 50	P99 @ 100	Total Req.
Baseline HTML	1,683.4	50	18ms	38ms	99ms	49,771
Astro	1,194	100	35ms	65ms	246ms	35,679
Next.js	35.21	1	2182ms	4718ms	4653ms	1,001
Nuxt	61	5	2425ms	4331ms	4406ms	1,956
React Router	172	10	286ms	1831ms	3952ms	5,603
SolidStart	59.8	10	4005ms	4208ms	4152ms	1,951
SvelteKit	485.4	10	85ms	363ms	2978ms	15,787
TanStack Start	42.8	5	3836ms	4550ms	4646ms	1,318

P99 Latency

P99 Latency at 25 Connections

P99 Latency at 25 Connections data
Framework	Milliseconds
Baseline HTML	18.00 ms
Astro	35.00 ms
SvelteKit	85.00 ms
React Router	286.00 ms
Next.js	2182.00 ms
Nuxt	2425.00 ms
TanStack Start	3836.00 ms
SolidStart	4005.00 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

P99 Latency at 50 Connections

P99 Latency at 50 Connections data
Framework	Milliseconds
Baseline HTML	38.00 ms
Astro	65.00 ms
SvelteKit	363.00 ms
React Router	1831.00 ms
SolidStart	4208.00 ms
Nuxt	4331.00 ms
TanStack Start	4550.00 ms
Next.js	4718.00 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

P99 Latency at 100 Connections

P99 Latency at 100 Connections data
Framework	Milliseconds
Baseline HTML	99.00 ms
Astro	246.00 ms
SvelteKit	2978.00 ms
React Router	3952.00 ms
SolidStart	4152.00 ms
Nuxt	4406.00 ms
TanStack Start	4646.00 ms
Next.js	4653.00 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

P90 Latency

P90 Latency at 25 Connections

P90 Latency at 25 Connections data
Framework	Milliseconds
Baseline HTML	17.00 ms
Astro	24.00 ms
SvelteKit	60.00 ms
React Router	148.00 ms
Nuxt	416.00 ms
SolidStart	584.00 ms
Next.js	758.00 ms
TanStack Start	813.00 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

P90 Latency at 50 Connections

P90 Latency at 50 Connections data
Framework	Milliseconds
Baseline HTML	31.00 ms
Astro	44.00 ms
SvelteKit	144.00 ms
React Router	304.00 ms
Nuxt	525.00 ms
SolidStart	607.00 ms
TanStack Start	892.00 ms
Next.js	2433.00 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

P90 Latency at 100 Connections

P90 Latency at 100 Connections data
Framework	Milliseconds
Baseline HTML	74.00 ms
Astro	89.00 ms
SvelteKit	212.00 ms
React Router	395.00 ms
SolidStart	653.00 ms
Nuxt	787.00 ms
TanStack Start	1319.00 ms
Next.js	2850.00 ms

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Core Web Vitals

CWV Desktop

Framework	LCP%	CLS%	FCP%	TTFB%	INP%
Astro	91	87	91	82	97
SolidStart	91	66	91	83	100
SvelteKit	79	77	78	71	94
Next.js	72	69	76	67	94
React Router	61	62	66	70	90
Nuxt.js	65	57	67	59	95

Good Largest Contentful Paint

Measures how fast a page's main content loads. To provide a good user experience, the LCP should be 2.5 seconds or less.

Good Largest Contentful Paint data
Framework	%
Astro	91
SolidStart	91
SvelteKit	79
Next.js	72
Nuxt.js	65
React Router	61

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Good Cumulative Layout Shift

Measures how much and how far content unexpectedly moves on a page. To provide a good user experience, sites should maintain a CLS score of 0.1 or less for at least 75% of page visits.

Good Cumulative Layout Shift data
Framework	%
Astro	87
SvelteKit	77
Next.js	69
SolidStart	66
React Router	62
Nuxt.js	57

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Good First Contentful Paint

Measures initial loading speed. To provide a good user experience, the FCP should be 1.8 seconds or less.

Good Time To First Byte

Measures the time between the request for a resource and when the first byte of a response begins to arrive. A good TTFB is less than or equal to 800ms.

Good Time To First Byte data
Framework	%
SolidStart	83
Astro	82
SvelteKit	71
React Router	70
Next.js	67
Nuxt.js	59

Good Interaction to Next Paint

Measures overall page responsiveness to user actions. To provide a good user experience, the INP should be 200ms or less.

Good Interaction to Next Paint data
Framework	%
SolidStart	100
Astro	97
Nuxt.js	95
SvelteKit	94
Next.js	94
React Router	90

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

CWV Mobile

Framework	LCP%	CLS%	FCP%	TTFB%	INP%
Astro	77	92	71	60	86
SolidStart	90	63	90	81	100
SvelteKit	67	81	60	58	75
Next.js	51	69	50	47	58
Nuxt.js	45	58	43	45	65
React Router	41	64	41	53	56

Good Largest Contentful Paint

Measures how fast a page's main content loads. To provide a good user experience, the LCP should be 2.5 seconds or less.

Good Largest Contentful Paint data
Framework	%
SolidStart	90
Astro	77
SvelteKit	67
Next.js	51
Nuxt.js	45
React Router	41

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Good Cumulative Layout Shift

Measures how much and how far content unexpectedly moves on a page. To provide a good user experience, sites should maintain a CLS score of 0.1 or less for at least 75% of page visits.

Good Cumulative Layout Shift data
Framework	%
Astro	92
SvelteKit	81
Next.js	69
React Router	64
SolidStart	63
Nuxt.js	58

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Good First Contentful Paint

Measures initial loading speed. To provide a good user experience, the FCP should be 1.8 seconds or less.

Good Time To First Byte

Measures the time between the request for a resource and when the first byte of a response begins to arrive. A good TTFB is less than or equal to 800ms.

Good Time To First Byte data
Framework	%
SolidStart	81
Astro	60
SvelteKit	58
React Router	53
Next.js	47
Nuxt.js	45

Good Interaction to Next Paint

Measures overall page responsiveness to user actions. To provide a good user experience, the INP should be 200ms or less.

Good Interaction to Next Paint data
Framework	%
SolidStart	100
Astro	86
SvelteKit	75
Nuxt.js	65
Next.js	58
React Router	56

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Methodology: Core Web Vitals.